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Linear Pauli Rotations

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This function performs a rotation on a series of \(m\) target qubits, where the rotation angle is a linear function of an \(n\)-qubit control register, as follows:

\[ \left|x\right\rangle _{n}\left|q\right\rangle _{m}\rightarrow\left|x\right\rangle _{n}\prod_{k=1}^{m}\left(\cos\left(\frac{a_{k}}{2}x+\frac{b_{k}}{2}\right)- i\sin\left(\frac{a_{k}}{2}x+\frac{b_{k}}{2}\right)P_{k}\right)\left|q_{k}\right\rangle \]

where \(\left|x\right\rangle\) is the control register, \(\left|q\right\rangle\) is the target register, each \(P_{k}\) is one of the three Pauli matrices \(X\), \(Y\), or \(Z\), and \(a_{k}\), \(b_{k}\) are the user given slopes and offsets, respectively.

For example, the operation of a linear \(Y\) rotation on a zero-input qubit is

\[ \left|x\right\rangle _{n}\left|0\right\rangle \rightarrow\left|x\right\rangle _{n}\left( \cos\left(\frac{a}{2}x+\frac{b}{2}\right)\left|0\right\rangle +\sin\left(\frac{a}{2}x+\frac{b}{2}\right)\left|1\right\rangle \right) \]

Such a rotation can be realized as a series of controlled rotations as follows:

\[ \left[R_{y}\left(2^{n-1}a\right)\right]^{x_{n-1}}\cdots \left[R_{y}\left(2^{1}a\right)\right]^{x_{1}} \left[R_{y}\left(2^{0}a\right)\right]^{x_{0}}R_{y}\left(b\right) \]

Function: linear_pauli_rotations

Arguments:

  • bases: CArray[int] - List of Pauli Enums.

  • slopes: CArray[float] - Rotation slopes for each of the given Pauli bases.

  • offsets: CArray[float] - Rotation offsets for each of the given Pauli bases.

  • x: QArray[QBit] - Quantum state to apply the rotation based on its value.

  • q: QArray[QBit] - List of indicator qubits for each of the given Pauli bases.

Notice that bases, slopes, offset and q should be of the same size.

Example: Three Y Rotations Controlled by a 6-qubit State

This example generates a quantum program with a \(6\)-qubit control state and \(3\) target qubits, acted upon by Y rotations with different slopes and offsets.

from classiq import (
    Output,
    Pauli,
    QArray,
    QBit,
    allocate,
    create_model,
    linear_pauli_rotations,
    qfunc,
)

NUM_STATE_QUBITS = 6
BASES = [Pauli.Y.value] * 3
OFFSETS = [0.1, 0.3, 0.33]
SLOPES = [2.1, 1, 7.0]


@qfunc
def main(x: Output[QArray[QBit]], ind: Output[QArray[QBit]]):
    allocate(NUM_STATE_QUBITS, x)
    allocate(len(BASES), ind)
    linear_pauli_rotations(BASES, SLOPES, OFFSETS, x, ind)


qmod = create_model(main)

from classiq import synthesize, write_qmod

write_qmod(qmod, "linear_pauli_rotations")
qprog = synthesize(qmod)